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1.
Invest. clín ; 55(4): 311-320, dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-783086

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades fúngicas superficiales que afectan la piel y sus faneras son motivo de consultas en los servicios básicos de triaje y en dermatología. Se encuentran distribuidas en Venezuela con una incidencia de 92,9%. El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer los géneros y especies que causan dermatomicosis en pacientes residentes del estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela, en el período 2002-2012. Se estudiaron 4257 pacientes con edades entre 7 meses y 79 años. La prevalencia general fue de 30,9%. Las más frecuentes fueron las dermatofitosis (44,7%). M. canis produjo 148 casos de tiña de la cabeza. Tres agentes dermatofiticos representaron el 95% de todos los casos, con predominio significativo de T. mentagrophytes representado por un 50%. La candidosis se presentó en 28,4%. C. albicans, y el complejo C. parapsilosis, fueron responsables del 80% de los casos. Otras especies identificadas fueron C. tropicalis (n = 41; 11,0%), C. glabrata (n = 10; 2,7%), C. guilliermondii (n = 6; 1,6%), C. krusei (n = 4; 1,1%). Pitiriasis versicolor se presentó en (22,4%), y en menor frecuencia la onicomicosis por mohos no dermatofitos, dominando Fusarium oxysporum (n = 34; 65,4%), Aspergillus terreus (n = 16; 30,8%) y Scytalidium dimidiatum (2; 3,8%). Raros casos de onicomicosis por Trichosporon (0,5%) y un caso de tinea negra. Estos resultados revelan una alta frecuencia de las micosis superficiales con predominio de las dermatofitosis indicando la existencia de un problema de salud pública.


Superficial fungal diseases that affect the skin and its appendages are frequently seen in basic triage and in dermatology services. These diseases are distributed in Venezuela with an incidence of 92.9%. The aim of this study was to determine the genera and species that cause dermatomycoses in residents of Anzoátegui state, Venezuela, during the period 2002-2012. A total of 4257 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of superficial mycoses were studied, with ages from 7 months to 79 years. The overall prevalence was 30.9%. The most frequent were dermatophytosis (44.7%). M. canis produced 148 cases of tinea capitis. Three dermatophytic agents represented 95% of all cases, with a significant predominance of T. mentagrophytes with 50%. Candidosis occurred in 28.4%. C. albicans, and the C. parapsilosis complex, were responsible for 80% of the cases. The other species identified were C. tropicalis (n = 41, 11.0%), C. glabrata (n = 10, 2.7%), C. guilliermondii (n = 6, 1.6%), C. krusei (n = 4, 1.1%). Pityriasis versicolor occurred in 22.4% of the cases studied, and less frequently were present onychomycosis produced by a non dermatophytic mold: Fusarium oxysporum (n = 34, 65.4%), Aspergillus terreus (n=16, 30.8%) and Scytalidium dimidiatum (n=2; 3.8%). Rare cases of Trichosporon onychomycosis (0.5%) and one case of black tinea were also found. Health education in the population is recommended to promote measures to prevent transmission of these fungi and prevent the spread of this silent public health problem.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dermatomycoses/epidemiology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Onychomycosis/epidemiology , Onychomycosis/microbiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Rural Population , Tinea/epidemiology , Tinea/microbiology , Urban Population , Venezuela/epidemiology
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 44(1): 0-0, mar. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-639713

ABSTRACT

Desde marzo de 2007 hasta marzo de 2011 se estudiaron prospectivamente 414 pacientes con onicodistrofias en un laboratorio privado de Esquel. La prevalencia de onicomicosis de pie fue del 78 %; la de mano, del 58 %. Los principales agentes etiológicos fueron Trichophyton rubrum, Candida spp. y Trichophyton mentagrophytes. El desarrollo de dermatofitos prevaleció en las onicopatías de pie y el de Candida spp. en las de uñas de mano (ambos, p < 0,05). En las onicomicosis candidiásicas predominaron especies diferentes a Candida albicans. Las onicomicosis fueron más frecuentes en los hombres que en las mujeres. A su vez, en los hombres hubo más aislamientos de T. rubrum en pies (p < 0,05) y mayor proporción de exámenes directos (ED) y cultivos positivos (ambos, p < 0,05). La correlación entre los resultados del ED y del cultivo fue del 68 %. El rédito de ambos métodos se asoció a un mayor tamaño de la lesión ungueal. El ED fue más efectivo en onicodistrofias que superaban los 5 años de evolución. La positividad del cultivo fue independiente de la cronicidad de la onicodistrofia.


Since March 2007 to March 2011, 414 patients with onychopathies were prospectively analyzed. Prevalence of the toenail and fingernail mycoses was 78 % and 58 %, respectively. The major etiological agents were Trichophyton rubrum, Candida spp. and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Dermatophytes were more frequently cultured from toenails, whereas Candida spp. from fingernails (both, p < 0.05). In candidal onychomycosis, species different from C. albicans were prevalent. A higher prevalence of toenail and fingernail mycoses, a predominance of T. rubrum in toenails (p < 0.05), and greater positivity in the direct examination (DE) and in culture (both, p < 0.05) were more frequently observed in men than in women. The correlation between DE and culture was 68 %. DE and culture yields were associated with a greater size lesion. DE was more effective in onycodystrophies with duration of more than 5 years. Culture positivity was independent of nail affection chronicity.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Mycology/methods , Onychomycosis , Argentina/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Candida/growth & development , Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Fingers/microbiology , Onychomycosis/diagnosis , Onychomycosis/epidemiology , Onychomycosis/microbiology , Physical Examination , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Tinea Capitis/diagnosis , Tinea Capitis/epidemiology , Tinea Capitis/microbiology , Toes/microbiology , Trichophyton/growth & development , Trichophyton/isolation & purification
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 36(3): 107-112, jul.-sep. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634466

ABSTRACT

Las levaduras implicadas en procesos patológicos son de indiscutible importancia debido al incremento experimentado por estas infecciones en las últimas décadas, a los cambios observados en las especies causales y al uso empírico de antifúngicos. En el Centro de Micología se estudiaron 1006 aislamientos provenientes de una amplia gama de muestras clínicas durante el periodo 1999-2001. Candida albicans con 40,3% resultó la especie de mayor frecuencia de aislamiento, pero las especies de Candida no albicans con 54,9% resultaron de mayor prevalencia y el 4,8% fueron otras levaduras. En los hemocultivos Candida parapsilosis con 34,9%, C. albicans con 30,2% y C. tropicalis con 25,6% resultaron las más recuperadas, mientras que C. glabrata se presentó con un 2,3%. En las secreciones mucosas C.albicans con 60%-80% fue la especie preponderante. Hemos detectado especies de Candida causantes de mediastinitis, lo que nos alerta sobre su importancia en estos procesos. Las infecciones del tracto urinario por levaduras se detectaron en mayor frecuencia en individuos hospitalizados, resultando C. albicans con 47,7% la especie más aislada, y dentro de Candida no albicans, C. glabrata con 24,8% y C. tropicalis con 20,0%. En las onixis candidiásicas C. parapsilosis con 37,7% desplazó a C.albicans con 22,0% de este lugar anatómico. Los estudios de sensiblidad al fluconazol de las especies de Candida nos permiten concluir que C.albicans es una especie sensible y que los mayores porcentajes de resistencia se observaron en C. glabrata (21,41%) y and C. krusei (69,23%).


The importance of epidemiological monitoring of yeasts involved in pathologic processes is unquestionable due to the increase of these infections over the last decade, the changes observed in species causing candidiasis, and empirical antifungal treatment. At the Mycology Center, 1006 isolates from a wide range of clinical samples were studied during 1999-2001. Candida albicans (40.3%) was the most isolated species, although, the Candida no albicans species with 54.9% showed the major prevalence. In blood cultures Candida parapsilosis (34.9%), C. albicans (30.2%) and C. tropicalis (25.6%) were recovered most frequently while C. glabrata represented only 2.3%. C. albicans with 60%-80% was the predominant specie in mucosal surface. We also detected Candida mediastinistis, which alert us over the importance at this location. Urinary tract infections caused by yeasts were more frequent in hospitalized patients, being C. albicans (47.7%), the most commonly isolated, followed by C. glabrata (24.8%) and C. tropicalis (20.0%). In the candidal onychomycoses, C. parapsilosis (37.7%) outplaced C. albicans (22.0%). Fluconazole susceptibility studies of Candida species allowed us to conclude that the majority of C. albicans islolates are susceptible, and that the highest resistance averages were observed in C. glabrata (21.41%) and C. krusei (69.23%).


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/epidemiology , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Argentina/epidemiology , Body Fluids/microbiology , Catheterization, Peripheral , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida glabrata/drug effects , Candida glabrata/isolation & purification , Candida tropicalis/drug effects , Candida tropicalis/isolation & purification , Candida/drug effects , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/microbiology , Candidiasis/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Fluconazole/pharmacology , Fungemia/microbiology , Mediastinitis/microbiology , Mucous Membrane/microbiology , Organ Specificity , Onychomycosis/microbiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Species Specificity , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 34(2): 95-99, abr.-jun. 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-331799

ABSTRACT

Onychomycosis epidemiology is a combination of various factors which include, among others, clinical presentation, etiologic agents of the infection and the patient's history background. Out of a total of 672 nail samples examined, 460 (68.4) were microscopy positive for fungi and 306 (66.5) of these were culture positive, including Candida (82), dermatophytes (13.4), Trichosporon spp (3.6) and nondermatophyte molds (1). Onychomycosis was more frequent in females (79.7) than in males (20.3). These were more common in fingernails (96.1) than in toenails (60) and yeasts were the most isolated etiologic agents. Among the clinical presentations, paronychia (CP) (57.2) and onycholysis (CO) (24.8) were the most common, caused frequently by C. albicans in 52.6 and 60.5 of the cases, respectively. T. rubrum (44.4) and Trichosporon spp (22.2) were the most frequent species in the case of distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO). Fusarium spp was the agent responsible for 33.3 of the cases of proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) and for 14.3 of white superficial onychomycosis (WSO), whereas Acremonium spp was responsible for 14.3 of the cases of WSO.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Onychomycosis , Acremonium , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Candida albicans , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Fingers , Fusarium , Nails , Onychomycosis , Paronychia , Prevalence , Tinea , Toes , Trichosporon , Urban Population
7.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull ; 1978 Jun; 4(1): 28-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-123

ABSTRACT

Sputum, vaginal smear, skin and nail scraping, and oral scraping from 269 suspected cases of fungus infection were examined by microscopy and culture for fungus. One hundred similar specimens from healthy individuals were examined as controls. Statistically significant (p less than 0.001) difference was observed (67.3% versus 7%) in the rate of isolation of fungus in the two groups. Three strains of Candida species were found among the isolates. In sputum, oral scraping and vaginal discharge, C. albicans, and in skin and nail scraping Candida stellatoidia were the prevalent strains. Candida tropicalis was isolated in fair proportion from the skin and nail scraping.


Subject(s)
Candida/isolation & purification , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/microbiology , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Candidiasis, Oral/microbiology , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/microbiology , Female , Humans , Infant
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